Fitz Hugh Curtis syndrome - Medtick

Fitz Hugh Curtis syndrome

What is it?

A rare form and complication of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease which causes:

  •  Inflammation of the membrane lining the stomach (peritoneum) and tissues surrounding the liver (perihepatitis) causing adhesion formation (string-like, fibrous scar tissue (adhesions) between the liver and the abdominal wall or the diaphragm) in females of child bearing age.
  • The muscle that separates the stomach and the chest (diaphragm), which plays an essential role in breathing, may also be affected.

  • The exact process by which such infections cause Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome (pathogenesis) is not completely understood.
  • Some researchers believe that it occurs because of infection of the liver and surrounding tissue, which may result from bacteria traveling from the pelvis directly to the liver or via the bloodstream or lymphatic system.
  • Some researchers have speculated that Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome may occur because of an improper immune system response (autoimmunity) to infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis.
  • Autoimmune disorders are caused when the body’s natural defences (antibodies, lymphocytes, etc), against invading organisms suddenly begin to attack perfectly healthy tissue.

National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)

  • In extremely rare cases, it has occurred in men, but mainly occurs in females.

Diagnostic test

Tests should also be preformed to rule out:

Cause

  • Chlamydia trachomatis (most common pathogen implicated) (Chlamydia)
  • N gonorrhoeae (Gonnorohea)

Others include:

  • Sex with multiple partners and/or inconsistent use of contraceptives
  • Patients with new sex partners
  • Sexually active women include age younger than 25 years
  • Early sexual activity
  • Viral hepatitis
  • History of Pelvic inflammatory disease
  • Previous miscarriages
  • Complication of longtem pelvic inflammatory disease that results from various sexually transmitted infections (STIs):
  • The infection may start as a vaginitis or cervicitis that leads to subsequent ascending infection, which may cause:
    • Endometritis: Inflammation and infection of endometrium.
    • Salpingitis: Inflammation and infection of Fallopian tubes, increasing risk of ectopic pregnancy (pregnancy out of womb).
    • Tubo-ovarian abscess
    • Pelvic peritonitis
  • Vaginal douching

Medication

  • Intrauterine devices (IUDs)
  • Recent IUD insertion
  • Contraceptive medication

Symptoms

  • Acute pain or tenderness in the right upper abdomen quadrant – liver area (perihepatic-liver inflammation and adhesions)?
  • Abdominal and/or cramping pain and/or are constant violently vomiting or vomiting longer than two days (one day if a child)?
  • Nausea and/or vomiting?
  • Abdominal heaviness, swelling in abdomen and liver area (due to ascites where one has a fluid build up in the peritoneal cavity (a lining around the abdominal organs and intestines)?
  • Burning pain when passing urine?
  • Cervical (vaginal area/lower abdomen) motion tenderness?
  • Bleeding between and/or after sex or pain and bleeding during sexual intercourse?
  • Vaginal pain?
  • Vaginal discharge?
  • Pain that often radiates to the right shoulder (can be both shoulders)?
  • Movement of shoulder may cause pain?
  • Pain may travel from the arm to wrist pain?
  • Night sweats?
  • Back pain?
  • Fever greater than 38°C or 100°F, hot sweaty and clammy?
  • Headache which is on and off or a constant headache longer than 24 hours?
  • General discomfort (muscle weakness), uneasiness or ill feeling (malaise) and/or fatigue (tiredness)?
  • Hiccups?
  • Short of breath and/or breathing difficulties (due to swelling affecting diaphragm movement)?
  • A new rash that has appeared or existing rash getting worst (red palms or spider veins)?

Complications /Information to beware of/General tips:

Do not wait, phone for an ambulance of have or develop:


This condition can lead to:

  • Abdominal abscess (collection of collected fluid in ovaries and Fallopian tube)
    • Endometritis: Inflammation and infection of endometrium.
    • Salpingitis: Inflammation and infection of Fallopian tubes, increasing risk of ectopic pregnancy (pregnancy out of womb).
    • Parametritis: Inflammation and infection of tissue around womb.
    • Oophoritis : Inflammation and infection of ovaries.
    • Abscess: Pockets of infected fluid.
  • Recurrent episodes of Pelvic Inflammatory disease
  • Bowel obstruction
  • Depression
  • Insomnia (lack of sleep)

Pregnancy 

This condition can lead to:


This condition may show similar symptoms to:

Please talk to your healthcare professional (i.e. Medical Doctor/Pharmacist) for further advice

Detailed Information

Please copy and paste any key words from the title: Fitz Hugh Curtis syndrome in the following respective 'Medtick References and/or Sources' to find out more about the disease (this also may include diagnosis tests and generic medical treatments).

  • NHS

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  • Drugs.com

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  • National Organisation of Rare Diseases

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  • Verywell Health

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