Polio - Medtick

Polio

What is it?

A highly infectious virus that lives in the digestive tract which is transferred via faecal – oral route either by being exposed to farcically contaminated food and water.

  • It then moves to the nervous system where it is believed to attack the cells that affect the signals from ones brain to their muscles.
  • Symptoms appear three –twenty one days after exposure.

Countries affected are:

South America

  • Paraguay

Europe & Russia

  • Belgium
  • Ukraine

Africa

  • Angola
  • Benin
  • Burkina Faso
  • Cameroon
  • Central African Republic
  • Chad
  • Congo
  • Côte d’Ivoire
  • Democratic Republic of Congo
  • Equatorial Guinea
  • Ethiopia
  • Gambia
  • Ghana
  • Guinea
  • Guinea-Bissau
  • Kenya
  • Liberia
  • Madagascar
  • Malawi
  • Mali
  • Mauritania
  • Mozambique
  • Namibia
  • Niger
  • Nigeria
  • Senegal
  • Sierra Leone
  • Somalia
  • South Sudan
  • Sudan
  • Togo
  • Uganda
  • Zambia

Middle East

  • Iran
  • Iraq
  • Israel and Occupied Palestinian Territories
  • Saudi Arabia
  • Syria
  • Yemen

Asia

  • Afghanistan
  • Pakistan
  • Tajikistan
  • China
  • Laos
  • Malaysia (Sarawak, Sabah)
  • Myanmar
  • India
  • Philippines

Australasia and Pacific

  • Papua New Guinea
Ibuprofen and other NSAIDs can be used under medical supervision, however Ibuprofen and other NSAIDs is not recommended in asthma or asthma type symptoms. Check with your Medical doctor/Pharmacist when one can have any type of fever reducing medication to make sure it suitable for you.

Diagnosis Tests

  • Throat washing
  • Stool samples
  • Cerebrospinal fluid samples (CSF)
  • Spinal tap and CSF examinations
  • Measurement of antibodies to Polio virus

Cause

  • Virus: Enterovirus
  • Areas of poor sanitation, from infected persons faeces to mouth via drinking water and contaminated food
  • Direct contact: Kissing

Symptoms

Symptoms can be mild:

  • High temperature greater than 38°C (100°F) or over and/or chills and sweats longer than 72 hours?
  • Sore throat longer than seven days?
  • Abdominal pain and/or are constant violently vomiting or vomiting longer than two days (one day if a child)?
  • Diarrhoea?
  • Constipation?
  • Back and neck stiffness?
  • Headache which is on and off or a constant headache longer than 24 hours?
  • Increased sensitivity to touch?
  • General discomfort (muscle weakness), uneasiness or ill feeling (malaise) and/or fatigue (tiredness)?
  • Difficulty using arms, body and legs?
  • Breathing difficulties (affecting breathing muscles)?
  • Difficulty swallowing (affecting neck muscles)?
  • Difficulty in using facial muscle?
  • Heart problems?
  • Muscles loose and floppy?
  • Affecting ones senses, vision, hearing, taste and smell, touch?

Complications /Information to beware of/General tips:

Medical Emergency

And/or do not wait, phone for ambulance if have or develop:

  • Meningitis 
  • Constipation
  • Back and neck stiffness
  • Headache which is on and off or a constant headache longer than 24 hours
  • Increased sensitivity to touch
  • General discomfort (muscle weakness), uneasiness or ill feeling (malaise) and/or fatigue (tiredness)
  • Difficulty using arms, body and legs
  • Breathing difficulties (affecting breathing muscles)
  • Difficulty swallowing (affecting neck muscles)
  • Difficulty in using facial muscle
  • Heart problems
  • Muscles loose and floppy
  • Affecting ones senses, vision, hearing, taste and smell, touch

This condition can lead to:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. What is polio. For healthcare providers. Reviewed: May 1, 2023. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/polio/what-is-polio/hcp.html. Accessed May 12, 2023.

Please talk to your healthcare professional (i.e. Medical Doctor/Pharmacist) for further advice

Detailed Information

Please copy and paste any key words from the title: Polio in the following respective 'Medtick References and/or Sources' to find out more about the disease (this also may include diagnosis tests and generic medical treatments).