Mastitis - Medtick

Mastitis

What is it?

A painful condition causing Inflammation of the breast tissue.

  • Mastitis usually only affects one breast, and symptoms often develop quickly.

Cause

  • Tight bras
  • Gigantomastia/Macromastia (Breast hypertrophy)
  • Wearing tight seat belts
  • Sleeping on breast
  • Damage to the nipple (knock or blow)
  • Cracked or sore nipple
  • Nipple piercing
  • Duct ectasia (milk ducts behind the nipple get shorter and wider as the breasts age normally near time of menopause)
  • Breastfeeding women (usually within the first three months after giving birth)
  • Bacterial infection of milk (infective mastitis)
  • Too much build up of milk in breast (milk stasis) i.e.
    • Baby not properly attaching to the breast during feeding
    • Favouring one breast for breastfeeding
    • a baby having problems sucking
    • infrequent feeds or missing feeds

Symptoms

  • Breast which is hot, red and swollen that may feel hot and painful to touch?
  • Breast lump?
  • Hard area on one’s breast?
  • Burning pain in one’s breast (pain can be always be there or during breast- feeding only?
  • White discharge or contain streaks of blood from nipple?
  • General discomfort (muscle weakness), uneasiness or ill feeling (malaise) and/or fatigue (tiredness)?
  • High temperature greater than 38°C, 100°F or over greater than 72 hours, chills and sweats?

Complications /Information to beware of/General tips:

Medical emergency Condition

And/or do not wait, phone for an ambulance if have or develop:

  • Breast cancer (Particular women who do not breast- feed)
  • Male has symptoms

Urgent Referral to Medical Doctor/Hospital (including Inflammatory breast cancer)

  • Urgent referral is warranted when women who are 50 years of age or older present with nipple discharge or retraction in one nipple only or with any other concerning changes.
  • Women aged 30 years or older who present with an unexplained breast lump, with or without pain
  • Women aged 30 years or older who present with skin changes that are suggestive of breast cancer
  • Women aged 30 years or older who present with an unexplained lump in the axilla

Inflammatory breast cancer

  • Patients may present with a rapidly enlarging, erythematous (rash) breast without an underlying palpable mass.
  • Usually, there is a spreading colour change in one breast, typically evolving from pink to darker red in a mottled pattern.
  • Patient with a red breast include previous history of breast cancer, symptoms of mastitis in a non-lactating woman, and/or  swollen glands and/or lymph-nodes.
  • Crusting and retraction of nipples may or may not occur.
Do not wait to see a a medical doctor/Hospital as, inflammatory breast cancer can exist with cancer that can spread to other parts of the body.

This condition can lead to:

  • Lactation mastitis or puerperal mastitis (breast feeding women)
  • Periductal mastitis (non-breast feeding women)
  • Breast abscess (hot, red , swollen breast infection)

Breast feeding women  

  • Breastfeeding your baby when you have mastitis, even if you have an infection, won’t harm your baby and can help improve your symptoms.
  • It may also help to feed more frequently than usual, express any remaining milk after a feed, and express milk between feeds.

Steps to take stop milk building up in your breasts:

  • Breastfeed exclusively for around six months, if possible
  • Encourage your baby to feed frequently, particularly when your breasts feel overfull
  • Ensure your baby is well attached to your breast during feeds – ask for advice if you’re unsure
  • Let your baby finish their feeds – most babies release the breast when they’ve finished feeding; try not to take your baby off the breast unless they’re finished
  • Avoid suddenly going longer between feeds – if possible, cut down gradually
  • Avoid pressure on your breasts from tight clothing, including bras

NHS Choices

Please talk to your healthcare professional (i.e. Medical Doctor/Pharmacist) for further advice

Detailed Information

Please copy and paste any key words from the title: Mastitis in the following respective 'Medtick References and/or Sources' to find out more about the disease (this also may include diagnosis tests and generic medical treatments).

  • NHS

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  • Medscape

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  • Pharmaceutical Journal

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  • Cleveland Clinic

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  • Drugs.com

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  • National Organisation of Rare Diseases

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  • Verywell Health

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