Genital Herpes - Medtick

Genital Herpes

What is it?

A viral infection (similar to those to cold sores and eyes) causing painful blisters to genitals, thighs, rectal area and buttocks

  • Symptoms normally appear three to fourteen days after exposure and last up to 20 days.
  • Symptoms are at most on first three to four days after exposure.
  • Once one has had an initial infection the virus remains dormant in your body causing recurrent infections (please note some people carry the virus for months to years with no symptoms it needs a trigger to ‘activate’ the virus).
  •  Symptoms of primary genital herpes are more severe in women, as are complications.

Triggers include:

Medication


Ulcers and Skin healing

  • In men and women, the ulcerative lesions persist from 4-15 days until encrusting and skin heeling occurs.
  • The average duration of viral shedding is about 12 days.
  • It may 2-4 weeks to resolve.

Medscape

If one has lesions and/or broken skin in the genital area or have recurrent infections, sex should be avoided as the virus can shed even if one has no symptoms, a condom may help to prevent transmission but they do not always cover the affected area. The virus does not travel through the body via saliva, but if one touches the infected area and then touch another area

Diagnosis Tests
  • Viral culture
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing
  • Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs)

Ibuprofen and other NSAIDs can be used under medical supervision, however Ibuprofen and other NSAIDs is not recommended in asthma or asthma type symptoms or if one has bleeding symptoms from the anus. Check with your Medical doctor/Pharmacist when one can have any type of fever reducing medication to make sure it suitable for you.

Cause

The virus is not contracted from objects such as towels, sheets, cups, cutlery, baths, swimming pools or blood, and it is easier to infect the thin skin of the lips, genital and anal region rather than normal skin.

Genital herpes – your questions answered. Herpes Viruses Association . https://herpes.org.uk/frequently-asked-questions/ (accessed May 2024)

Triggers that may cause recurrent herpes

  • Exposure to UV light
  • Tight clothing
  • Smoking 
  • Stress

Symptoms

Initial Symptoms:

  • Red blisters that burst leaving open sores on areas of genitals, thighs, rectal area and buttocks?
  • Tender swollen lymph nodes around the groin (inguinal lymphadenitis). In first episodes of the disease, lesions and lymphadenitis are typically both sides of groin?
  • High temperature greater than 38°C (100°F) or over and/or chills and sweats longer than 72 hours?
  • Headache which is ‘on and off’ longer than a week or a constant headache longer than 24 hours?
  • General discomfort (muscle weakness), uneasiness or ill feeling (malaise) and/or fatigue (tiredness)?
  • Aching, painful muscles, muscle cramps/spasms/stiffness?

Female only:

  • Red blisters that burst leaving open sores on areas of lower part of womb (cervix)?
  • Vaginal Discharge?
  • When going to urinate, urine stings the vaginal skin causing one in reluctance to urinate?

(Some carry virus for many months to years and experience no symptoms)

Recurrent infection (Symptoms tend to be shorter and less severe up to ten days , some have flu-like symptoms):

  • Tingling or burning sensation around ones genital, legs?
  • Red blisters that burst leaving open sores on areas of genitals, thighs, rectal area and buttocks?
  • Recurrent episodes may have lesions (swollen lymph nodes – inguinal lymphadenitis) that affect favoured sites on one side?

Female only:

  • Red blisters that burst leaving open sores on areas of lower part of womb (cervix)?
  • Vaginal Discharge?

Complications /Information to beware of/General tips:

Do not wait phone, for an ambulance if have or develop:


This condition has been associated with:


This condition can lead to:


Pregnancy 

First and second trimester

  • If you develop genital herpes for the first time (primary infection) during the first or second trimester (up to week 26 of the pregnancy), there is no increased risk of miscarriage or your baby developing developmental problems.

Third trimester  (Medical emergency Condition)

  • If you develop genital herpes for the first time during the third trimester (week 27 of the pregnancy until birth), particularly during the last six weeks of the pregnancy, the risk of passing the virus on to your baby is considerably higher.

This is because you will not have time to develop protective antibodies to pass to your baby, and the virus can be passed to your baby before or during the birth.

  • To prevent this happening, you may need to have a caesarean section delivery.
  • A caesarean section is an operation to deliver your baby by making a cut in the front wall of your abdomen (tummy) and womb. If you give birth vaginally, the risk of passing the virus on to your baby is around four in 10.
  • If you develop genital herpes during the latter stages of pregnancy, you will need to take antiviral medicine continuously for the last four weeks of your pregnancy. However, this may not prevent the need for a caesarean.

NHS Choices 

New-borns who have herpes can be fatal, beware of Neonatal herpes, congenital rubella syndrome and cytomegalovirus infections


General tips

  • Do no treat this condition with steroidal cream and/or moisturisers as it may make the condition worst.
  • If it appears infected and/or is getting worst, your medical doctor will decide if antibiotics and/or viral medication is required.
  • Salt water bathing  and use of topical anaesthetics, including 5% lidocaine ointment (if suitable) can be used in addition to antiviral medication.
  • Patients should be advised to keep sores clean and dry and wear loose-fitting cotton underwear during episodes.
  • Applying petroleum jelly to the sores can be used if urination is painful.
  • For recurrent genital herpes, try to identify triggers and avoid and/or remove.

H.I.V Test

  • A H.I.V test should be offered if one has this condition.

This condition may show similar symptoms to:

Please talk to your healthcare professional (i.e. Medical Doctor/Pharmacist) for further advice

Detailed Information

Please copy and paste any key words from the title: Genital Herpes in the following respective 'Medtick References and/or Sources' to find out more about the disease (this also may include diagnosis tests and generic medical treatments).

  • NHS

    Find information and advice on health conditions, symptoms, healthy living, medicines and how to get help (British National Health Service).

  • Medscape

    Latest medical news and expert commentary in your specialty as well as disease information.

  • Pharmaceutical Journal

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  • Healthline

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  • Medical News Today

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  • WebMD

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  • Cleveland Clinic

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  • Mayo Clinic

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  • Drugs.com

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  • National Organisation of Rare Diseases

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  • Verywell Health

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  • Fit for Travel

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  • DR Axe

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