Bronchiolitis (Bronchiolitis Obliterans) - Medtick

Bronchiolitis (Bronchiolitis Obliterans)

What is it?

An irreversible condition of the lower airways – the lungs tiniest airways (bronchioles) making them irritated and inflamed causing the lungs to become scarred and produce mucus affecting the flow of oxygen to the lungs and to the rest of the body.

  • The bronchioles are tiny tubes in the lungs that carry air. When air cannot pass through the bronchioles to the alveoli (air sacs), the body’s oxygen absorption becomes impaired.
  • Bronchioles can become damaged as a result of an infection, toxins, or inflammation.
  • As they heal, the bronchioles may become permanently scarred.
  • The thick scar tissue essentially “obliterates” the airway, blocking the bronchioles and preventing air from passing through.

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  • It normally affects adults
  • It normally occurs when one has been exposed to a toxin or has had a recent lung transplant and/bone marrow transplant
  • A virus (mainly during the winter months) that affects the bronchioles and this normally occurs in babies and children under that age of two years old.

Diagnosis test

The Pharmaceutical Journal, PJ October 2020, Vol 305, No 7942;305(7942):DOI:10.1211/
PJ.2020.20208431

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Ibuprofen and other NSAIDs can be used under medical supervision, however Ibuprofen and other NSAIDs is not recommended in asthma or asthma type symptoms. Check with your Medical doctor/Pharmacist when one can have any type of fever reducing medication to make sure it suitable for you.

Cause

  • Infection:
    • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
    • Adenoviruses
    • Cold and flu virus
  • Exposure to toxin: ammonia; oxides of nitrogen or sulfur dioxide;, bleach, chlorine, welding fumes; or food flavouring fumes (such as diacetyl).
  • Inhalation of toxic fumes
  • Smoking
  • Respiratory infections
  • Connective tissue disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis
  • Lung transplant
  • Heart-lung transplant
  • Bone marrow transplant

Syndromes

Medication

  • Reaction to certain medications, such as penicillamine

Symptoms

  • Rapid or noisy and wheezing when breathing?
  • Rasping (catching for air) and persistent dry cough?
  • General discomfort (muscle weakness), uneasiness or ill feeling (malaise) and/or fatigue (tiredness)?
  • Persistent cough (cough is longer than three weeks)?
  • Low exercise intolerance?

Additional Babies and children symptoms:

  • High temperature greater than 38°C (100°F) or over and/or chills and sweats?
  • Runny nose, congestion, cold not cleared by over the counter medication?
  • Nasal flaring?
  • Dry cough and/or breathing difficulties?
  • Ribs that appear sunken during attempts to inhale?
  • Fast breathing?
  • Crackling or rattling sounds heard in the lungs?
  • Vomiting after feeding due to coughing and then feeling tired?
  • Feeding less and irritated?
  • Fewer wet nappies?

Complications /Information to beware of/General tips:

Medical Emergency Condition

And/or do not wait, phone for an ambulance if have symptoms or develop:

  • Dehydration
  • Pneumonia
  • If breathing pauses are greater than 10 seconds or if symptoms become more severe
  • Bluish appearance of the skin (from lack of oxygen)

If a child is premature, or have a lung disorder:

Please see your medical doctor as soon as possible

Detailed Information

Please copy and paste any key words from the title: Bronchiolitis (Bronchiolitis Obliterans) in the following respective 'Medtick References and/or Sources' to find out more about the disease (this also may include diagnosis tests and generic medical treatments).

  • NHS

    Find information and advice on health conditions, symptoms, healthy living, medicines and how to get help (British National Health Service).

  • Medscape

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  • Pharmaceutical Journal

    The Pharmaceutical Journal covers analysis, features, opinion, learning and careers articles, providing insight and knowledge about drugs, pharmacy practice, medicines use and healthcare policy in the context of the pharmacy profession and pharmaceutical science.

  • Healthline

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  • Medical News Today

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  • WebMD

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  • Cleveland Clinic

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  • Mayo Clinic

    No.1 Hospital in the Nation (America)

  • Drugs.com

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  • National Organisation of Rare Diseases

    NORD is dedicated to supporting education, elevating care, advancing research, and driving policy for rare diseases.

  • Verywell Health

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  • Fit for Travel

    Information on how to stay safe and healthy abroad.

  • DR Axe

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